Periodontitis is a chronic disease with a multi-factorial etiology. To arrive at the accurate diagnosis, one that will help establish the prognosis and guide the treatment plan, requires a multi-faceted clinical and laboratory investigations. With the improvement in our knowledge of the etiopathogenesis of periodontal diseases and advances in technology, we have overcome the limitations of the traditional diagnostic methods. This article aims to review all the advanced diagnostic aids available at the disposal of the present-day clinician.