Introduction: The purpose of this article was to enhance the importance of having a thorough knowledge about the root canal anatomy. Methods: This case report presents the endodontic management of a maxillary first molar with three roots and five canals. The clinical detection of the five root canals was made using a dental operating microscope and confirmed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning. Results: CBCT images confirmed the presence of five root canals that were not clearly seen in the conventional intraoral periapical radiograph. CBCT image sections of the present case showed broad disto-buccal root with two canals exiting separately, Vertucci type IV canal pattern. Whereas the mesio-buccal root presented the Vertucci type II canal pattern. Palatal root presented Vertucci type I canal pattern. Conclusion: The present case report discusses the endodontic management of a maxillary molar with three root and five canals and also highlights the role of operating microscope and CBCT imaging as a valuable tool in modern endodontic practice to ascertain root canal morphology.