Now-a-days data is distributed across the networks to make total world as a global Pool. Distributed database management systems (DDBMS) are amongst the most important and successful software developments in this decade. They are enabling computing power and data to be placed within the user environment close to the point of user activities. The performance efficiency of DDBMS is deeply related to the query processing and optimization strategies involving data transmission over different nodes through the network. Most real-world data is not well structured. Today's databases typically contain much non-structured data such as text, images, video, and audio, often distributed across computer networks. This situation demands new query processing, optimization techniques in distributed database environment. In this paper different techniques are elaborated which will provide efficient performance in optimization of query processing strategies in a distributed databases environment.