To evaluate serum uric acid levels in patients with pre-diabetics and newly diagnosed type ii diabetes mellitus and its association with cardiovascular risk factors

Introduction: India has the highest number of diabetics with estimated prevalence of 72 million, expected to reach 123.5 million by 2040. DM increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases; increase in sudden cardiac death is on the rise in urban regions, which can largely be attributed to increase in prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease, DM and HTN. Serum Uric Acid has been an independent risk factor. Understanding the association between hyperuricemia and CVD, especially in patients with Type 2 DM and Pre-diabetics in absence of other confounding factors is a worthy consideration.
Materials: Study is a comparative 3 group controlled clinical study conducted at RRMCH over a span of 1 year comprising 150 patients including 50 diabetics, 50 pre-diabetics and 50 control subjects. The study consisted of demographic profiles , cardiovascular risk factors and investigations like FBS, PPBS, HbA1c, RFT, Lipid Profile , Serum uric Acid, Anthropometric measurements.
Observations: Mean Serum Uric Acid value among diabetics was 5.06+/-0.83, 4.67+/-0.79 among pre-diabetics and 3.96+/-0.96 among control subjects. Mean age distribution 52.50+/-0.97, 45.70+/-9.81 among pre-diabetics and 48.59+/-10.74 among control subjects.
Conclusions: Serum Uric acid was found highest among diabetics compared to pre-diabetics and lowest among control subjects. Among diabetics, BMI, Total cholesterol, LDL, Urea, S. creatinine, FBS, PPBS, HbA1c were statistically significant in patients with high SUA. Among pre-diabetics, BMI, TGL, S.Creatinine were significant in patients with high SUA. Among control subjects, BMI, TC, LDL, S.Creatinine had the highest co-relation when compared with high SUA. Through our study we can emphasize that SUA is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and must be routinely assessed.