Serum levels of cardiac biomarkers soluble st2 and c - reactive protein in patients with periodontitis

Background: Soluble ST2 (sST2) is an emerging prognostic biomarker in patients with periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. There is a proposed pathophysiological mechanism that links periodontitis with cardiovascular disease. Early detection of periodontitis patients with cardiovascular disease events helps in accurate diagnosis and better treatment plan. But there are limited studies in the literature on serum sST2 in periodontitis patients.
Aim: This observational study aimed to investigate the associations between periodontitis severity and the serum levels of cardiac biomarkers sST2 and CRP in comparison with healthy and periodontitis group.
Materials & Methodology: A total of 30 patients who were divided into two groups of study and control group consists of 15 patients in each group. Patients were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Blood sample collection was done by trained professional and serum samples were stored at -80 degree Celsius. The sST2 levels and C-reactive protein levels were measured using a high‐sensitivity enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: The mean of 2894.546 in soluble suppression of tumerogenesis-2 (sST2) serum levels in (control group) gingivitis group with the standard deviation of 1185.891 was obtained. With the p value of 0.01. The mean of 3279.115 in soluble suppression of tumerogenesis-2 (sST2) serum levels in periodontitis group with the standard deviation of 566.2393 was obtained. With the p value of 0.01. Serum C-reactive protein levels showed statistically significant results when compared between the control and study group. The serum sST2 levels showed weekly significant statistical value when compared to the control and study group.
Conclusion: There is a pathophysiological mechanism that links the cardiovascular diseases with periodontitis, the serum C-reactive protein levels are higher in periodontitis patients and the serum cardiac biomarker—soluble ST2 (sST2) showed weekly significant difference in periodontitis patients which is comparable to the serum CRP levels and may be used as a cardiac biomarker in periodontitis patients.