Salivary enzymes as diagnostic markers for detection of periodontal disease

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the salivary levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
,acid phosphatase (ACP), Alanine transaminase (ALT ) Aspartate transaminase , and GamaGlutamyl transferase (GGT), activities in patients with periodontal disease and to compare after the treatment and
to evaluate the use of these enzymes as biochemical markers for periodontal tissue damage.
Materials and methods: In this study, we examined the activities of salivary ALP, ACP,AST , ALT ,and GGT in patients with periodontal disease, before and after periodontal treatment. The experimental groups consisted of 20 periodontitis patients and the control group had healthy subjects (20 samples). The stimulated saliva of the patient was collected in a sterile test tube and analyzed using Erba Chem 5 semi Auto Analyzer . Periodontal disease was determined based on clinical parameters such as gingival index, probing depth and clinical attachment loss.
Results: The obtained results showed statistically significant increased activities of ALP, AST, ACP and GGT insaliva from patients with periodontal disease in relation to control group. A significant reduction in the enzyme levels was seen after conventional periodontal therapy.
Conclusion: Based on these results, salivary ALP, AST, ACP andGGT can be considered to be the biomarkers for evaluating periodontal tissue damage.