Role of bone marrow aspiration in various haematological studies- a three year study

Background:- Bone marrow aspiration is simple, minimally invasive technique. The bone marrow examination may either confirm the clinically suspected disease or may provide the previously unsuspected diagnosis. Bone marrow aspiration alone is usually sufficient to diagnose nutritional anaemias, most of the acute leukaemias, Immune Thrombocytopenias, pyrexia of unknown origin and infective diseases. Aims & Objectives:- To determine and evaluate the diagnostic role of bone marrow aspiration in hematological malignancies. Methodology:- Bone marrow samples were aspirated from 104 patients suspected for hematological malignancies under aseptic precautions. Slides were stained by Giemsa Stain and examined under microscope. Results:- Out of 104 cases, 60 (57.69%) were male and 44 (42.31 %) were female. Male to female ratio was 1.36:1. Maximum number of cases found was in the age group of 0-10 years. The maximum cases were CML with frequency of 44(42.31%). 58.65% Bone marrow were hypercellular followed by normocellular
34.62% and lastly hypocellular 6.73%. Maximum mean age of patient with CLL (64.87) and minimum mean age of patient with ALL (5.91). Conclusion:- Bone marrow examination is a useful and cost effective diagnostic procedure in haematological practice for the diagnosis of both neoplastic and non-neoplastic haematological diseases. Rapid and early diagnosis of malignancies are critical for proper initiation of treatment and to control the disease.