Profile, presentation and outcome of dengue disease subjects in tertiary care hospital in west bengal

Introduction: Cases of Dengue infection are on rise worldwide as well as in India. The different serotypes of Dengue virus and different spectrum make it amenable to diverse presentation and outcome. West Bengal (WB) has encountered various episodes of Dengue outbreaks and Dengue disease is prevalent in WB population. Thus we aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of Dengue cases, their clinical features and outcome. Material methods: We recruited 40 subjects suffering from symptoms of Dengue disease after diagnosis was confirmed using Dengue NS1 Antigen card test, NS1 Antigen, IgM and IgG ELISA and after ruling out malaria by Widal for malaria antigen. Demographic details, presenting complaints, symptoms and signs were noted. Various biochemical, haematological and coagulation markers were analysed and ultrasonographic assessment was also done. Subjects were followed up and outcome noted. Result: Most common age group presenting with Dengue fever was third and fourth decade (mean =27.6 ± 12.6 yrs). Subjects with low socioeconomic status (65%), rural residents (67.5%), Skilled workers (30%) and housewives (27.5%) were most common to report. Fever (95%) followed by vomiting (85%) was most common symptoms. Bleeding diathesis were reported in 12.5% cases. Dengue fever was present in 72.5% while Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) I was reported in 12.5%, DHF II in 7.5%, DHF III in 5% and Degue shock syndrome (DSS) in 2.5%. Sixty five % subjects were discharged from hospital, while rests were referred to higher center. No deaths were reported in this study. Significant association of outcome was noted with General condition at admission indicating higher rate of discharge in subjects with fair general condition (p=0.018); Premedications (p=0.029) and diagnosis (p=0.002). Conclusion: Nearly 70% subjects presenting with Dengue disease were DF while 25% subjects were DHF and 2.5% DSS. Favourable significant association was noted with premedication while that of higher grade of Dengue disease with referral.