Prevalence of congenital heart defects associated with down syndrome in tertiary care hospital of north india

Objectives: To define the frequency and patterns of congenital heart disease (CHD) among children with Down syndrome (DS) in tertiary care hospital of North India
Methods A cross sectional study was conducted in 110 consecutive patients with Down syndrome attending the Department of Pediatric Government Medical College , from December 2016 through September 2018. All children were offered cytogenetic analysis and were subjected to echocardiography. We excluded term and preterm children with patent ducts arteriosus (PDA) and persistent foramen oval spontaneously resolved during the first 4 weeks of life.
Results: Among the 110 patients with Downs syndrome , congenital heart disease was present in 51 (46.6%).. The most common heart diseases were atrio ventricular septal defect in 254 18patients (35.2%); ventricular septal defect in 10 (19.6%) atrial septal defect in 8[15.6%] .Mixed shunt lesion in 2[3.9%].Among cyanotic CHD classical Tetrology of Fallot was commonest present in 3 patients [5.8%]
Conclusion: The high prevalence of congenital heart disease among the patients at the Down syndrome [46.6%]was similar to findings from other studies and justifies investigation during the neonatal period, so as to decrease mortality and morbidity.