Root canal therapy consists of a series of scientifically-based technical procedures. Biomechanical preparation is the complex procedure, performed with different instruments and chemicals in a very restricted environment. The biomechanical preparation of the canal is done with two actions, cleaning and shaping. Specifically, cleaning of canal is debridement, whereas shaping is preparing the root canal system for obturation.
Lack of knowledge, its poor application, or a compromise or a break in the chain of proper procedures can lead to a number of accidental errors which are collectively called 'endodontic mishaps'.(8)
This article covers the basic knowledge of etiologic factors and methods of prevention as well as recognition, management and prognosis of mishaps during cleaning and shaping of root canal system.(1)