Background: With the progress of cancer research, a peculiar group of proteins has become the subject of great consideration, namely lectins. These proteins have the ability to bind reversibly to carbohydrates with high specificity. The rationale behind our study is to evaluate the hemagglutination reaction of lectins in blood samples of Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and healthy individuals
Methods: Thirty different seed extracts reacting non-specifically with human RBC were selected for the present study. They were tested against the RBC of Oral Squamous cell carcinoma patients by Hemagglutination and inhibition test.
Results: Out of 30 lectins extracted from the seeds of various plants, ten lectins showed positive agglutination with both OSCC and normal subject’s blood sample. Eight of which, agglutinated RBC of both OSCC patient and control group. On the contrary, two lectins extracted from PHA and Con A agglutinated the OSCC patient’s RBC more than the normal blood samples and showed highly significant value(P value >.001) as compared to normal control
Conclusion: Through similar studies if their presence can be reliably ascertained, lectinology may help to define yet disclosed role for this class of proteins in early diagnosis of OSCC by acting as biomarker.
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