The impact of comprehensive interventional package to identify the risk of ventilator associated pneumonia among ventilated patients

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is one of the common nosocomial infections in ICU. VAP is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the intensive care unit after urinary tract infection. The incidence of VAP was 86% and mortality rates exceed 59%. Once the patient has developed VAP, additional requirement of treatment increases the length of stay by up to 22 days and raise the cost of care. 86% of nosocomial pneumonia was associated with intubation and mechanical ventilation. The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of comprehensive interventional package in identifying the risk of ventilator associated pneumonia among ventilated patients in selected hospital Madurai, Tamilnadu. Quasi experimental pre-test post-test control group design was adopted. The sample comprised of 60 ventilated patients, among which 30 patients were assigned in the control group and 30 patients were in the experimental group. The samples were recognized based on the inclusion criteria and selected by convenience sampling technique. Risk assessment tool for VAP was used for data collection. Comprehensive interventional package was implemented on the experimental group only. In the experimental group, majority of the patients were having 27 (90%), 24 (80%) and 24 (80%) had mild risk in pre-test, post-test-1 and post-test-2 respectively. Whereas in the control group, majority of the patients had mild risk 27 (90%) in pre-test, whereas in post-test-1 and post-test-2 majority of patients had moderate risk 16 (53.33%) and 18 (60%) respectively. Regarding the impact of comprehensive interventional package, the mean score for post-test-2 was lower than the mean score for post-test-1. It was 2.3 in the post-test-1 and 2.13 in the post-test-2. The Paired't’ test for the risk of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia was 5.38 (p<0.001), which was highly significant. The independent ‘t’ test was 8.136 (p<0.001), which was highly significant. Thus, the study concluded that the implementation of comprehensive interventional package is a good method to prevent the risk of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia among the mechanically ventilated patients.