Energy efficient and secure routing technique for wireless sensor networks

The multihop routing in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) offers little protection against identity deception through replaying routing information. An adversary can exploit this defect to launch various harmful or even devastating attacks against the routing protocols, including sinkhole attacks, wormhole attacks, and Sybil attacks. The situation is further aggravated by mobile and harsh network conditions. In this paper, we present a trust-aware, location-based routing protocol which protects the WSN against routing attacks, and also supports large scale WSNs Deployments. The proposed solution has been shown to efficiently detect and avoid malicious nodes and has been implemented in state-of-the-art sensor nodes for a real-life test-bed. As it will be discussed, the limited memory, computational power, energy resources and radio bandwidth of sensor nodes deeply impact the implementation strategy, while additionally, the realities of radio propagation, such as lossy and asymmetric links, require careful evaluation of the routing selection metrics.