Efficacy of echocardiography in predicting gestational hypertension or preeclampsia

Background: Gestational hypertension or preeclampsia is difficult to predict till date. Currently no test has been validated by any regulatory body as predictor of gestational hypertension. Though a few markers have been identified but still many are yet to be revealed. Our study was done to find out the utility of maternal echocardiography in predicting gestational hypertension or preeclampsia
Materials and Methods: The study was done in the department of Obstetrics and gynaecology in collaboration with the department of cardiology at IPGME&R, Kolkata from June 2013 to May 2014 (one year period) Total 450 women were included in the study. Unfortunately 85 patients were lost during follow up. They were divided in two groups i.e. Study group (who developed gestational hypertension or preeclampsia) and control group (uncomplicated). Study group comprised of 75 patients and control group was having 290 patients. Echocardiography was done for all. Parameters of echocardiography were compared in between both groups.
Results: Preclinical phase of preeclampsia or gestational hypertension is associated with increase in the Left Ventricular mass, Left ventricular End Diastolic Volume, Stroke Volume, Cardiac Output, Left Atrial Diameter on echocardiography in the study group.
Conclusion: Maternal Echocardiography can be an effective tool in predicting preeclampsia.