Contrast induced allergic reactions after coronary angiogram performed using nonionic contrast medium

Background information: The aim of the study is to identify and prevent the contrast-induced reactions during and after the coronary angiogram.
Materials & methods: 100 patients were included in our study. The patients who met the study criteria were enrolled into the study. Other relevant data was collected from the patient’s profile form and by interviewing the patient. All the data was collected, entered in an Excel sheet and the statistical analysis was done in SPSS 16.0 Software by an appropriate statistical method chi-square significant p-value < 0.005(confidence interval 95%).
Results: The overall rate of reactions includes; 16 less severe reactions (33%) - grade 3 reactions, 12 moderate reactions (25%) – grade 2 reactions, 20 mild reactions (41.7%)–grade1 reactions. There is no significance difference in the grades having p-value 0.368(> 0.005). When compared, patients without premedication has higher incidence of reactions than in patients who took the premedication prior to the procedure which show significance p-value < 0.0012.
Conclusion: Our study unfolds that the use of iopromide is safe, less severe reactions were observed compared to the studies of ionic contrast material. Premedication is beneficial to the patients which reduce the occurrence of reactions predominantly in patients with risk. Mild to moderate reactions are common with the use of iopromide dye; careful assessment must be made in the prevention of reaction by providing symptomatic treatment.