Complications of cataract surgery in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome

Aim: To study the complications of cataract surgery in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and to evaluate the final visual outcome after surgery in these patients. Material and methods: The study enrolled a total of 68 patients with pseudoexfoliation who were operated for cataract in the Department of ophthalmology, GMC Jammu during one year period w.e.f. 1 November 2018 – 31 October 2019. 52 patients were subjected to cataract extraction via SICS and phacoemulsification in 16 patients. Results: 21(30.88%) patients experienced one or more of the complications. Intraoperatively, 5(7.35%) patients had extension of rhexis, 8(11.76%) had intraoperative iris prolapse, 6(8.82%) had zonular dehiscence, 8(11.76%) had posterior capsule rent, 5(7.35%) had vitreous loss and difficulty in removing lens matter was felt in 7(10.29%) patients. 2(2.94%) patients had cornea compromised due to edema and striate keratopathy at 6 weeks. Late complications included 1(1.47%) patient had cystoid macular edema, 1(1.47%) had decentered intraocular lens, 2(2.94%) patients presented with posterior capsule opacification at 12 weeks and 17 weeks respectively. 85% patients achieved a fairly good final visual acuity of ≥6/36 in the operated eye while 9(14.7%) patients had poor vision i.e. ≤6/60. Conclusion: PEX presents challenges that must be adequately addressed with proper pre-operative preparation, surgical care and postoperative follow-up.