Background: Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is an inflammatory skin condition triggered by contact with allergens, with metals being a significant contributing factor. Identifying specific allergens and understanding demographic trends are essential for managing ACD effectively. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the clinico-epidemiological patterns of metal sensitization in clinically suspected ACD cases, focusing on common contactants and demographic variables. Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted at SMS Medical College and attached groups of Hospitals, Jaipur. It involved 90 patients clinically diagnosed with ACD. Patch testing was performed to identify specific allergens, particularly metals, and data were collected on demographic characteristics, occupational exposure, and symptoms. Statistical analyses, including Chi-square tests, were used to compare patch test outcomes across various subgroups. Results: Among 90 patients, 67.78% had positive patch test reactions, with significant sensitization to metals like potassium dichromate (27.78%) and nickel sulphate (21.11%). Sensitization was notably higher among construction workers and individuals frequently exposed to metal-containing products. Results showed significant associations between metal exposure and ACD symptoms (p < 0.05), with hands being the most affected site (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Metal sensitization remains a primary cause of ACD, underscoring the importance of preventive measures in high-risk occupations. Patch testing is invaluable for diagnosing and managing ACD, particularly in patients with chronic or recurrent symptoms.
Impact Factor
2022: 6.012
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