Certain surface properties of bentonite and silica aqueous colloids

In the development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, surface properties of the material plays important role. Recent advances in nanomaterials science have made increasingly possible the design of surfaces with specific and tunable properties. Such surfaces have a broad range of applications from microfluidics to biosensors and biomimetics. One of the best example of superhydrophobic surface is “lotus leaf”. Nanofluid is a fluid containing nanometer-sized particles, called nanoparticles. Nanofluids have novel properties that make them potentially useful in many applications in heat transfer, including microelectronics, fuel cells, pharmaceutical processes, and hybrid-powered engines, Engine cooling/vehicle thermal management,domestic refrigerator, chiller, heat exchanger, and nuclear reactor,in grinding, in machining, in Space, defense and ships,. They exhibit enhanced thermal conductivity and the convective heat transfer coefficient compared to the base fluid.