Toluidine blue is a basic thiazine metachromatic dye with high affinity for acidic tissue components, thereby staining tissues rich in DNA and RNA. It has found wide applications both as vital staining in living tissues and as a special stain owing to its metachromatic nature. Toluidine blue has been used in vivo to identify dysplasia and carcinoma of the oral cavity. This article deals with the basic chemical properties of toluidine blue with an emphasis on its role in vital staining procedure.
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