In these studies and others, renal function has routinely been assessed with an estimated creatinine clearance, serum creatinine, or an estimated glomerular filtration rate derived from the serum creatinine. A BUN level of more than 21 mg/dL is considered elevated, although the exact cutoff varies between laboratories. This can be caused by heart failure when the heart is not strong enough to pump sufficient blood to the kidneys, or by dehydration (caused by too much diuretic medication). Baseline characteristics for the entire CAD are presented in Table 1. Baseline characteristics for the dichotomized CAD burden variable are presented in Table 2. Baseline characteristics for those who did and did not rule in for MI are presented in Table 3. Those subjects who ruled in for myocardial infarction had a lower body mass index (BMI) (27.0 mg/dl vs. 29.3 mg/dl), and a higher CAD burden score, (5.2 vs. 2.9,), compared with those who did not rule in for myocardial infarction. On univariate and multivariate analysis, an increased BUN was not associated with an increased odds of ruling in for MI (OR 0.99 (0.07, 1.02); and (OR 0.99 (0.96, 1.05) respectively. A serum creatinine test measures the amount of creatinine in the blood, another waste product that is filtered out of the blood by the kidneys. High levels of creatinine in the blood may be a sign of kidney problems resulting in fluid buildup. A normal value for women ranges from 0.5 to 1.1 mg/dL (milligrams per deciliter) or 44 to 97 mcmol/L (micromoles per liter). The BUN levels were a single measurement and are not necessarily a reflection of one’s chronic level. No patient in our study, however, had known active bleeding, or was known to be taking loop diuretics or steroids. We were unable to account for potential dietary influences on serum BUN.