Biodiversity is the variety of life on the earth including all organisms, species and populations; the genetic variations among these and their complex assemblages of communities and ecosystem. It is the essence and manifestation of evolutionary history of life on earth and species is the most conspicuous form of the biodiversity. Tourism is a social, cultural and economic phenomenon which entails the movement of people to countries or places outside their usual environment for personal or professional purpose. Biodiversity and tourism share a symbiotic relationship which can be negative as well as positive. However with areas of unique natural beauty attracting large numbers of visitors, biodiversity is one of the greatest assets of the tourism-its natural capital. Rakchham-Chhitkul Wildlife Sanctuary in Trans-Himalayan Baspa (Sangla) Valley, District Kinnaur is rich in biodiversity and cultural diversity which attracts a large number of tourists every year. However excessive anthropogenic pressures, mainly driven by tourism in this area is causing habitat modification and destructions in recent times resulting in loss of biodiversity of the fragile ecosystem of this sanctuary drastically.