Background: Resistance of malaria parasites to existing antimalarial drugs complicates treatment. It is therefore necessary to find new effective and affordable drugs. From this perspective, medicinal plants are used as active ingredients against various pathologies and constitute an important source of new molecules for the pharmaceutical industry. Thus, medicinal plants contribute a lot to the modern pharmacopoeia and constitute a credible alternative in health.
Material and Methods: In this study, the in vitro antiplasmodial activities of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the bark of Margaritaria discoidea (B. Dismar) are assessed. These extracts were tested on both clinical isolates of Plasmodium falciparum and reference sensitive strains NF54 and resistant K1 by the fluorimetric method with SYBR green. A hemolysis test was used to analyze the effect of the extracts on erythrocytes.
Results: The results of the in vitro antiplasmodial tests are as follows: the ethanolic extract had an IC50 of 2.4 nM on the chloroquine-resistant (CQ-R) isolate, 14.76 ± 2.78 nM on the chloroquine-sensitive isolates (CQ -S), and 6.8 nM on the K1 strains; the aqueous extract had an IC50 of 12.08 nM on the CQ-R isolates, 12.73 ± 1.54 nM on the CQ-S isolates and 13.28 nM on the K1 strain. Both extracts had a hemolysis rate of less than 5%.
Conclusion: We can deduce that the ethanolic extract of B. Dismar shows good activity on both CQ-R isolates and CQ-S isolates and does not have a hemolytic effect.
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2022: 6.012
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