Introduction: The approach to chest pain in the emergency department, which is often crowded, is a great challenge that can lead to crucial differential diagnoses and some rare conditions being missed.
Objective: To report the case of a patient who was admitted to our clinic with a typical complaint of chest pain and after a thorough investigation was diagnosed with an arteriovenous fistula as the main cause of the symptoms and comorbidities.
Methods: This case data were obtained through medical records and bibliographic review. Final Considerations: We described this case to highlight the importance of searching for the etiology, whenever possible, of chest pain in emergency departments and in cardiology wards for an accurate diagnosis and early rehabilitation.