Adverse events and safety profile of car t-cell therapy – a comprehensive review

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged as a ground breaking immunotherapy for various haematological malignancies and solid tumors. While CAR T-cell therapy has shown remarkable efficacy, it is also associated with unique safety concerns and toxicities. This comprehensive review article aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the safety profile and toxicity considerations in CAR T-cell therapy. It will cover the mechanisms underlying CAR T-cell-related toxicities, such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS), neurotoxicity, on-target/off-tumor effects, and long-term complications also discuss risk stratification, prevention strategies, and the management of these toxicities, highlighting recent advances in toxicity management and mitigation approaches. Furthermore, it explores emerging technologies and interventions aimed at improving the safety profile of CAR T-cell therapy, including gene editing techniques, synthetic receptors, and engineered CAR T-cell platforms.